Glossary of Terms

  • Ahaṁkāra

    The ego or sense of self, which identifies with the body and mind.

  • Antaḥkaraṇa

    The internal instrument of cognition, comprising manas (mind), buddhi (intellect), and ahaṁkāra (ego).

  • Buddhi

    The intellect or higher mind, responsible for reasoning and decision-making.

  • Jñānendriya

    The organs of knowledge, which include the senses of sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell.

  • Karmendriya

    The organs of action, which include the hands, feet, mouth, and other body parts used for action.

  • Mahabhūta

    The five great elements (earth, water, fire, air, and ether) that make up the physical universe.

  • Manas

    The mind, responsible for processing sensory information and emotions.

  • Mayā

    The illusion or cosmic force that creates the appearance of duality and separation in the world.

  • Prakṛti

    Nature or the material world, often contrasted with puruṣa (consciousness).

  • Puruṣa

    Consciousness or the true self, often seen as distinct from prakṛti.

  • Shakti

    The divine feminine energy or power, often associated with creation and manifestation.

  • Shiva

    The supreme consciousness or the ultimate reality in Shaivism, often associated with the formless aspect of divinity.

  • Tattva

    A fundamental principle or reality. In this context, one of the building blocks of existence.